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Dedication
Introduction
CHAPTER I
Over the Shop
First days and early decisions as Prime Minister
TO THE PALACE
10 DOWNING STREET
LIFE ‘OVER THE SHOP’
INSIDE DOWNING STREET
CABINET-MAKING
OTHER APPOINTMENTS
EARLY DECISIONS
VISIT OF HELMUT SCHMIDT
WORKING WEEKEND
THE FIRST QUEEN’S SPEECH
THE 1979 BUDGET
CIVIL SERVICE REFORM
PUBLIC SPENDING
IRISH TERRORIST OUTRAGES
BRITAIN AND THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITY
THE STRASBOURG EUROPEAN COUNCIL
THE TOKYO G7 SUMMIT
THE RHODESIAN SETTLEMENT
THE EC BUDGET AGREEMENT OF 1980
CRISES IN THE MIDDLE EAST
BRITAIN’S INDUSTRIAL PROBLEMS
THE 1980 BUDGET AND THE MEDIUM TERM FINANCIAL STRATEGY (MTFS)
FIRST STEPS OF TRADE UNION REFORM: THE 1980 EMPLOYMENT ACT
THE 1980 STEEL STRIKE
BRITISH LEYLAND: 1979–1980
CHAPTER V
Not for Turning
Politics and the economy in 1980–1981
NO U-TURNS
ARGUMENTS ABOUT PUBLIC EXPENDITURE
DISSENT BY LEAKS
THE 1981 BUDGET
THE COAL STRIKE WHICH NEVER WAS
THE URBAN RIOTS OF 1981
MORE CABINET DISSENT AND THE SEPTEMBER 1981 RESHUFFLE
THE 1981 CONSERVATIVE PARTY CONFERENCE
CHAPTER VI
The West and the Rest
The early reassertion of western — and British — influence in international affairs in 1981–1982
EARLY TALKS WITH PRESIDENT REAGAN
VISITS TO INDIA AND THE GULF
THE OTTAWA G7
MELBOURNE CHOGM AND VISIT TO PAKISTAN
CANCÚN NORTH-SOUTH SUMMIT
BACKGROUND
WEEK ONE
WEEK TWO
WEEK THREE
WEEK FOUR
WEEK FIVE
CHAPTER VIII
The Falklands: Victory
The battle for the Falklands in May and June 1982
WEEK SIX
WEEK SEVEN
WEEK EIGHT
CHAPTER IX
Generals, Commissars and Mandarins
Meeting the military and political challenge of communism from the autumn of 1979 to the spring of 1983
PEACE AND ARMAMENTS
THE MILITARY BALANCE
INTERMEDIATE-RANGE NUCLEAR WEAPONS (INF)
THE PURCHASE OF TRIDENT
THE DEFENCE REVIEW
THE POLISH CRISIS
THE VERSAILLES G7 SUMMIT
THE BONN NATO SUMMIT, JUNE 1982
HONG KONG AND CHINA
THE BERLIN WALL
CHAPTER X
Disarming the Left
Winning the arguments and formulating the policies for a second term — 1982–1983
THE POLITICAL SCENE, 1982–1983
DEFENCE AND UNILATERALISM
ECONOMIC RECOVERY
TRADE UNIONS
POLICY WORK
CHAPTER XI
Home and Dry
The background to and course of the 1983 general election campaign
THE MANIFESTO
PLANNING THE CAMPAIGN
UNFINISHED BUSINESS
THE CAMPAIGN BEGINS
D-21 TO D-14
D-14 TO D-7
D-7 TO D-Day
THE NEW GOVERNMENT
THE STUTTGART EUROPEAN COUNCIL
THE ECONOMY
DIPLOMACY: VISITS TO THE NETHERLANDS, WEST GERMANY, CANADA AND THE UNITED STATES
PROBLEMS IN THE TRANSATLANTIC RELATIONSHIP: LEBANON AND GRENADA
THE EUROPEAN COUNCIL AT ATHENS
CHAPTER XIII
Mr Scargill’s Insurrection
The background to and course of the year-long miners’ strike of 1984 — 1985
PRELUDE
THE STRIKE BEGINS
A LONG SLOG
FROM THE JAWS OF VICTORY?
THE TIDE TURNS
THE STRIKE BEGINS TO CRUMBLE
THE END OF THE STRIKE
THE BRIGHTON BOMB
THE IRISH DILEMMA
FIRST ATTEMPTS AT DEVOLUTION
THE HUNGER STRIKES
DEALINGS WITH THE IRISH REPUBLIC
BACKGROUND TO THE ANGLO-IRISH AGREEMENT, 1983–1985
THE ANGLO-IRISH AGREEMENT—AND REACTIONS: 1985–1987
IRA ATTACKS AND EXTRA SECURITY MEASURES, 1987–1990
CHAPTER XV
Keeps Raining all the Time
The mid-term political difficulties of 1985–1986
A POLITICAL MALAISE
THE 1985 RESHUFFLE
THE WESTLAND AFFAIR
BRITISH LEYLAND
THE US RAID ON LIBYA
CHAPTER XVI
Men to Do Business With
East-West relations during the second term — 1983–1987
REASSESSING THE SOVIET UNION
VISIT TO HUNGARY
MOSCOW: ANDROPOV’S FUNERAL
VISIT OF THE GORBACHEVS TO BRITAIN
SDI
DISCUSSION OF SDI AT CAMP DAVID
VISIT TO WASHINGTON: FEBRUARY 1985
REYKJAVIK
FURTHER DISCUSSIONS OF NUCLEAR STRATEGY AT CAMP DAVID
PREPARATION FOR MOSCOW VISIT
VISIT TO THE SOVIET UNION: MARCH-APRIL 1987
CHAPTER XVII
Putting the World to Rights
Diplomacy towards and visits to the Far East, the Middle East and Africa — 1984–1990
THE FAR EAST
THE MIDDLE EAST
AFRICA
CHAPTER XVIII
Jeux Sans Frontières
Relations with the European Community — 1984–1987
TWO VISIONS OF EUROPE
REFORMING COMMUNITY FINANCES: BRITAIN’S BUDGET CONTRIBUTION
THE FONTAINEBLEAU EUROPEAN COUNCIL
ENLARGEMENT OF THE COMMUNITY
THE MILAN EUROPEAN COUNCIL
SINGLE MARKET-MINDEDNESS
THE LUXEMBURG EUROPEAN COUNCIL
THE LONDON EUROPEAN COUNCIL
CHAPTER XIX
Hat Trick
The preparations for and course of the 1987 general election campaign
STYLE AND TONE
RESHUFFLE
THE STRATEGY GROUP AND POLICY GROUPS
THE 1986 CONSERVATIVE PARTY CONFERENCE
ELECTION PREPARATIONS AND THE MANIFESTO
CLOTHES
THE ELECTION CAMPAIGN
D-21 TO D-14
D-14 TO D-7
D-7 TO D-DAY
THE NEW GOVERNMENT
APPROACHES TO EDUCATION REFORM
GRANT-MAINTAINED SCHOOLS
THE NATIONAL CURRICULUM
THE NEXT WAVE OF EDUCATION REFORM
IMPLEMENTING THE HOUSING REFORMS
FURTHER STEPS IN HOUSING POLICY
REFORMING THE NATIONAL HEALTH SERVICE (NHS)
THATCHERISM REBUFFED — THE CASE OF SCOTLAND
CHAPTER XXI
Not So Much a Programme, More a Way of Life
Family policy, the Arts, Broadcasting, Science and the Environment
INDIVIDUALS AND COMMUNITIES
THE FAMILY
THE ARTS
BROADCASTING
SCIENCE AND THE ENVIRONMENT
PROBLEMS WITH THE OLD SYSTEM
ORIGINS OF THE COMMUNITY CHARGE
THE ABANDONMENT OF DUAL RUNNING
PREPARING FOR THE INTRODUCTION OF THE CHARGE
THE POLITICAL CRISIS MOUNTS
TO CAP OR NOT TO CAP?
TAX CUTS AND TAX REFORMS
PRIVATIZATION
PRIVATIZATION OF PUBLIC UTILITIES
PLANS FOR FURTHER PRIVATIZATION
CHAPTER XXIV
Floaters and Fixers
Monetary policy, interest rates and the exchange rate
ECONOMIC AND MONETARY UNION (EMU)
EARLY DISCUSSION OF THE EXCHANGE RATE MECHANISM (ERM)
ARGUMENTS ABOUT THE ERM: 1985
INTEREST RATES AND INFLATION: 1986
SHADOWING THE DEUTSCHMARK: 1987–1988
ECONOMIC PROBLEMS MOUNT
THE DELORS REPORT ON EMU
THE AMBUSH BEFORE MADRID
MORE TENSION WITH NIGEL LAWSON
NIGEL LAWSON’S RESIGNATION
JOHN MAJOR AS CHANCELLOR
DISCUSSIONS ABOUT ERM AND EMU: 1990
ENTRY OF STERLING INTO THE ERM
NO COMPROMISE WITH EMU
CHAPTER XXV
The Babel Express
Relations with the European Community — 1987–1990
FINANCE AND FARMING
FREE TRADE V. PROTECTION
DISCUSSION OF EMU
THE BRUGES SPEECH
VISIT TO DEIDESHEIM
EUROPEAN ELECTIONS
THE MADRID EUROPEAN COUNCIL
THE FRENCH REVOLUTION BICENTENNIAL
CABINET RESHUFFLE
THE FRANCO-GERMAN AXIS — AND ‘POLITICAL UNION’
EMU AND THE GATT
THE ROME EUROPEAN COUNCIL
CHAPTER XXVI
The World Turned Right Side Up
The fall of communism in eastern Europe, the reunification of Germany and the debate about the future of NATO — 1987–1990
OVERVIEW
VISIT TO WASHINGTON IN JULY 1987
DISCUSSIONS WITH MR GORBACHEV IN DECEMBER 1987
NATO SUMMIT IN BRUSSELS, MARCH 1988
PRESIDENT REAGAN’S VISIT TO LONDON, JUNE 1988
VISIT TO POLAND, NOVEMBER 1988
THE BUSH ADMINISTRATION
NATO SPLIT ON SHORT-RANGE NUCLEAR FORCES (SNF)
THE FALL OF COMMUNISM IN EASTERN EUROPE IN 1989 AND ITS IMPLICATIONS
THE GERMAN PROBLEM AND THE BALANCE OF POWER
GERMAN REUNIFICATION
AN ANGLO-FRENCH AXIS?
THE CSCE AND THE ‘ALLIANCE FOR DEMOCRACY’
THE SOVIET UNION — 1989–90
VISIT TO THE SOVIET UNION, JUNE 1990
VISIT TO CZECHOSLOVAKIA AND HUNGARY IN SEPTEMBER 1990
RESHAPING NATO
REFLECTIONS
CHAPTER XXVII
No Time to Go Wobbly
The response to Iraq’s invasion of Kuwait in 1990
EVENTS AT ASPEN
THE BUILD-UP TO WAR
CHAPTER XXVIII
Men in Lifeboats
The background to and course of the 1990 Conservative Party leadership campaign — and resignation
BACKGROUND TO THE 1990 LEADERSHIP CAMPAIGN
GEOFFREY HOWE’S RESIGNATION
THE LEADERSHIP CAMPAIGN OPENS
AT THE CSCE SUMMIT IN PARIS
CONSULTATIONS ON RETURN TO DOWNING STREET
THE VIEWS OF THE CABINET
RESIGNATION
GRAND FINALE
BOWING OUT
Chronology
The Cabinet and other important offices
List of Abbreviations
Index
Acknowledgements
Copyright
About the Publisher
